腺苷、卡托普利联合用药对心肌缺血再灌注的保护作用

目的　观察腺苷、卡托普利联合用药对缺血再灌注心肌的保护作用。方法　 40只SD雄性大鼠 ,随机分成 4组 :空白组 (Ⅰ组 ) ,腺苷组 (Ⅱ组 ) ,卡托普利组 (Ⅲ组 ) ,联合用药组 (Ⅳ组 ) ,制成Langendorff离体心脏模型。测定冠脉回流液中LDH、CPK活性、心肌组织匀浆中MDA含量、SOD活性 ,观测心肌组织超微结构变化。结果　①各组心脏冠脉回流液中LDH、CPK活性随时相变化逐渐上升 ,复灌 2 0、3 0min时用药组明显低于对照组 ,Ⅳ组上升趋势最慢。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组心肌MDA含量明显降低 ,SOD活性增强。②心肌组织超微结构观察示用药组心肌损伤轻于对照组 ,Ⅳ组损伤最轻。③Ⅱ、Ⅳ组出现心脏复跳延迟及心律失常。结论　①腺苷、卡托普利联合用药对心肌缺血再灌注的保护作用优于单一用药。②腺苷有延缓心脏复跳作用。     

脑脊液CPK、LDH、GOT和LAP活性对急性颅脑损伤的诊断作用

对 8 0例急性颅脑损伤患者脑脊液 (CSF)肌酸磷酸激酶 (CPK)、乳酸脱氢酶 (L DH)、谷草转氨酶 (GOT)和亮氨酸氨基肽酶 (L AP)活性作了测定。结果发现 ,急性颅脑损伤患者伤后当天和伤后第 1天 CSF CPK、L DH和 GOT活性均显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5) ,而 CSF L AP活性则升高不明显 (P>0 .0 5)。故提示脑外伤后早期 CSF CPK、L DH和 GOT活性可作为急性颅脑损伤诊断的辅助指标 ,并对急性颅脑损伤脑损伤程度和患者预后的判断有一定参考价值。     

血清CPK、LDH、GOT和LAP活性对急性颅脑损伤的诊断价值

对８０例急性颅脑损伤患者血清ＣＰＫ、ＬＤＨ、ＧＯＴ和ＬＡＰ活性进行了测定。结果显示，急性颅脑损伤后血清ＣＰＫ和ＬＤＨ活性显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），而血清ＧＯＴ和ＬＡＰＩ活性升高不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５），至于血清酶活性对判断急性颅脑损伤的脑损伤程度和患者预后的价值有待继续探讨。     

急性颅脑损伤患者血清和脑脊液酶活性的改变

本文对80例急性颅脑损伤患者血清和脑脊液CPK、LDH、GOT以及LAP活性作了测定。结果表明,急性颅脑损伤患者后当天和伤后第1天血清和脑脊液CPK、LDH活性以及脑脊液GOT活性显著升高(P<0.05),而伤后当天的血清和脑脊液酶活性与急性颅脑损伤的脑损伤程度和患者预后则无明显相关(P>0.05)。故我们认为,外伤后早期血清和脑脊液CPK、LDH活性以及脑脊液GOT活性可作为急性颅脑损伤诊断的一项辅助指标,至于脑脊液酶活性对判断急性颅脑损伤的脑损伤程度和患者预后的价值尚待继续探讨。     

长期吸入笑气对大鼠心肌功能的影响

目的 观察长期吸入笑气(N_2O)是否会引起大鼠心肌功能的变化.方法 将SD大鼠随机分为4组:空气吸入对照组(A组),500mL/L N_2O-15d吸入组,2h/d(B组),500mL/L N_2O-30d吸入组,2h/d(C组),500mL/L N_2O-50d吸入组,2h/d(D组).用悬浮玻璃微电极记录离体心肌细胞的动作电位(APs),观测上述4组大鼠离体左心室肌细胞APs时程(MAPD_(90)、MAPD_(50)、MAPD_(20))和幅值的变化;用免疫组织化学方法检测心肌细胞的一氧化氮合成酶(eNOS)及血管紧张素-2(Ang-2)表达量的变化.结果 ①与A组相比,B组大鼠心肌细胞的MAPD无明显变化,C、D组MADP显著延长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但4组的APs幅值差异无统计学意义;②与A组相比,B组心肌细胞的Ang-2表达量无明显变化,C、D组Ang-2表达量显著增加;③与A组相比,C、D两组心肌细胞的eNOS表达量均明显减少(P<0.05).结论 长期吸入笑气可引起大鼠心肌电活动明显变化,其很可能与交感神经长时间过度兴奋致使Ang-2的表达增加有关.     

EFFECTS OF QUERCETIN ON MEMBRANE FLUIDITY OF INJURED VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS WITH HYPOXIA AND THE LACK OF GLUCOSE

Vascularendothelialcellsinhypoxiaandthelackofglucosecanproducealotofactiveoxygen ,whichresultsinthedamageofendothelialcells .Furthermore,dysfunctionofvascularendothelialcellsistheinitiativestepofatherosclerosisandmayleadtosomeofcardiovasculardiseases[1 ,2 ] .So ,theprotectionofendothelialcellsfromtheinjuryplaysanimportantroleinthepreventionandtreatmentofatherosclerosis,hypertension ,hyperc holesterolaemiaandsoon .Therefore,manyre searchershavebeenlookingforamedicinethatcanhelptomaintainthenorm…     

Significance of intensive glycemic control on early diabetic nephropathy patients with microalbuminuria

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of intensive glycemic control on patients with early diabetic nephropathy. Methods A total of 41 type 2 diabetes patients who developed microalbuminuria were divided into two groups randomly. Patients in Group A received intensive glycemic control and the blood glucose in Group B was regularly controlled. Glycemic monitoring and control were followed for 12 weeks to observe the changes of microalbuminuria in both groups; meanwhile the levels of serum lipids and coagulation indices were also recorded. Results The urine albumin excretion rate (UAER) in Group A decreased significantly from (47.91±13.86)mg/24h to (35.31±14.56)mg/24h after 12 weeks (P<0.05), and this decrease was significantly greater than that in Group B. However, Group B had no significant difference in UAER decrease [(48.93±13.32)mg/24h to (40.48±19.62)mg/24h, P>0.05]. The decrease of triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol), and the increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) showed no significant differences (P>0.05). And the level of plasma fibrinogen (FIB) showed no significant decrease after 12 weeks, either (P>0.05). Conclusion Intensive glycemic control reduces the level of microalbuminuria and may ameliorate the progression of early diabetic nephropathy.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SPINAL CORD INJURY TREATED WITH THE COMBINATION OF FETAL SPINAL CORD TRANSPLANTATION AND METHYLPREDNISOLONE

ＴｈｅｔｈｅｒａｐｙｏｆＬａｒｇｅＤｏｓａｇｅｏｆＭｅｔｈｙｌｐｒｅｄｉｎ ｓｏｌｏｎｅ(ＭＰ)ｆｏｒＳＣＩｈａｓｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｌｙｂｅｃａｕｓｅｉｔｃａｎｇｒｅａｔｌｙｉｍｐｏｖｅｔｈｅｎｅｒｖｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ .Ｉｎｔｈｅｍｅａｎ ｔｉｍｅ,ａｎｉｍａｌｔｅｓｔｓｈａｖｅａｌｒｅａｄｙｆｏｕｎｄｔｈａｔｉｆｆｅｔａｌｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄｉｓｔｒａｎｓｐｌａｎｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｉｎｊｕｒｅｄｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄａｒｅａ ,ｉｔｃａｎｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｅｔｈｅａｘｏｎｓｏｆｔｈｅｈｏｓ…     

肾素-血管紧张素与盐敏感高血压

目的　证实在大鼠的正常清醒时间 (夜间 ) ,高盐食物加剧终生服用开博通的自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR)的升压效应 ,并诱发终生服用开博通 (Captopril)之正常血压大鼠 (WKY)的这种反应。方法　将SHR和WKY鼠分为不服用开博通、终生服用开博通和在给予高盐食物前两周停用开博通三组 ,继之再各分为两组 ,饲以正常盐或高盐两种不同食物。血压采取无线遥测系统进行 2 4h连续观测。结果　终生服用开博通之SHR组 ,高盐食物引致动脉血压的快速增高 ,停药后这种盐敏感性血压升高无明显变化。高盐食物也诱发终生服用开博通之WKY鼠的动脉血压迅速升高 ,停药后也无明显变化。而高盐食物不增高对照组WKY鼠的平均动脉压。结论　终生服用开博通可使SHR及WKY鼠对高盐食物所致动脉血压反应发生改变。长期的肾素 -血管紧张素转换酶抑制对心血管系统可能具有长时效应 ,而不依赖于持续服用开博通     

尼古丁损伤大鼠肠系膜动脉内皮功能及卡托普利的干预作用

目的观察尼古丁对大鼠离体肠系膜动脉内皮依赖性舒张反应的影响以及卡托普利的干预作用。方法应用器官培养技术和离体血管环张力描记法,研究不同浓度的尼古丁(10-5、10-4、10-3mol/L)在有或无卡托普利(0.01、0.030、.1 mmol/L)的情况下,对培养24 h的成年SD大鼠肠系膜动脉环(1 mm)内皮依赖性舒张反应的影响。结果尼古丁呈浓度依赖性损伤乙酰胆碱(ACh)诱导的内皮依赖性血管舒张反应(P<0.01,与空白对照组比较)。卡托普利呈浓度依赖性改善尼古丁对血管内皮依赖性舒张反应的损害。低浓度时对尼古丁损伤没有明显影响,高浓度具有显著的保护作用(P<0.05,与尼古丁10-4mol/L组比较)。结论卡托普利对尼古丁所引起的血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

阿霉素对大鼠心肌细胞膜磷脂损伤及CoQ_(10)的保护作用

用电镜方法观察阿霉素（ADR）对心肌细胞膜磷脂损伤及CoQ10的保护作用。结果显示：ADR大鼠心脏心肌细胞依ADR累积量均呈现线粒体明显增生，线粒体膜磷脂不同程度脱失；血浆及心肌丙二醛（MDA），血浆乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和肌酸磷酸激酶（CPK）升高，且与心功能及心脏大小相关。培养心肌细胞结构、培养液中MDA、LDH及CPK含量与ADR心脏改变一致。CoQ10干预后，心肌细胞线粒体增生程度减轻，线粒体膜磷脂损伤性改变得到修复。提示：ADR通过损伤心肌细胞及线粒体膜磷脂对心脏产生毒害作用。CoQ10对这种膜损伤有保护和修复作用。     

PERIPANCREATIC ARTERIAL LIGATION COMBINED WITH ARTERIAL INFUSION REGIONAL CHEMOTHERAPY FOR TREATING PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED PANCREATIC CARCINOMA

Ｔｈｅｄｅｔｅｃｔｉｏｎｒａｔｅｏｆｒｅｓｅｃｔａｂｌｅｓｍａｌｌｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃｃａｒ ｃｉｎｏｍａｉｓｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇａｓａｒｅｓｕｌｔｏｆｒｅｃｅｎｔａｄｖａｎｃｅｓｉｎｖａｒｉ ｏｕｓｄｉａｇｎｏｓｔｉｃｉｍａｇｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓ,ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ ,ｒｅｓｅｃｔｉｏｎａｔｔｈｅｔｉｍｅｏｆｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓｉｓｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅｉｎｏｎｌｙ 5 %- 2 2 %ｏｆｔｈｅｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ[1] ,ａｎｄｍｏｓｔｏｆｔｈｅｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｂｅｌｏｎｇｔｏａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃｃａｒ…     

硬膜外前腔导管介入治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床研究

目的　为了使硬膜外腔注药能集中于腰椎间盘突出的病变部位 ,作者研究了硬膜外前腔穿刺置管技术。方法　 6 0例经过临床检查和CT证实为腰椎间盘突出症的患者随机分成两组 ,硬膜外前腔注药组 (A组n =30 ) ,传统硬膜外腔注药组 (B组n =30 )。两组用药相同。动态观察治疗前后病人腰痛、腿痛及直腿抬高试验等指标的变化情况 ,结果以VAS评分并进行统计学处理。结果　两组患者治疗前后腰痛、腿痛、直腿抬高试验等变化有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。A组患者腰痛、腿痛减轻较B组更明显 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　两组均能有效的治疗腰椎间盘突出症。硬膜外前腔导管介入注药较传统方法治疗效果更为明显 ,是较为理想的硬膜外治疗方法     

Solute clearance effect of citrate anticoagulation hemodialysate for hemodialysis in patients with high risk of bleeding

Objective To study the solute clearance effect of the new concentrated anticoagulation hemodiaiysate of citrate for hemodialysis in patients with high risk of bleeding. Methods Forty-two kidney failure patients with high risk of bleeding were divided into two groups (Group A and Group B) according to their hemodialysis manners. Patients in Group A were hemodialyzed with bicarbonate hemodialysate with low-molecular-weight heparin (dalteparin) anticoognlation and those in Group B with the new citrate antieoagnlation hemodialysate prepared in our hospital without any other anticoagulant. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations were measured before and after dialysis, and Kt/V and urea reduction rate (URR) were calculated. In addition, activated clotting time (ACT) and ionized calcium (iCa2 ) concentration were also measured at the arterial and venous ends. Results ACT was extended and iCa2 concentration decreased significantly at the venous end compared with those at the arterial end in Group B (P<0.01). BUN and Cr concentrations were markedly decreased after dialysis compared with those before dialysis in both groups (P<0.01), and no significant difference in solute clearance effect, as indicated by Kt/V and URR, was observed between Group A and Group B (P>0.05). Conclusion The solute clearance effect of the new concentrated anticoagnlation hemodialysate of citrate is excellent during hemodiaiysis in kidney failure patients with high risk of bleeding.     

Prospective randomized trial of surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy for rectal carcinoma

Objective To assess the effect of surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy ("sandwich" treatment) in rectal carcinoma. Methods From October 1990 to January 2002, 260 patients with stage Ⅱ (117 patients) and stage Ⅲ (143 patients) rectal carcinoma were randomly divided into three groups: "sandwich" group (92 patients, group A), postoperative radiotherapy group (98 patients, Group B) and operation group (70 patients, Group C). The preoperative accelerated hyperfractionation (15 Gy/6f/3d) was given for "sandwich" group which was followed by conventional postoperative fractionation (DT 35 - 40 Gy/3.5 - 4 weeks). Patients in Group B were given postoperative radiotherapy (Dr 50 Gy/5 weeks). Patients treated with surgery alone served as control. Results The local recurrence rates of Group A, B and C were 5.4% (5/92), 16.3% (16/98) and 64.3% (45/70), respectively (X2 =5.726, P=0.017); and the distant metastasis rates were 6.5% (6/92), 28. 6%(28/98) and 31.4%(22/70), respectively (X2 =15. 703, P= 0. 001). The 3-ycar survival rate was 86. 9%(80/92), 62.2%(61/98) and 51.4%(36/70), respectively (X2 =15. 141, P=0. 001). The 5-year survival rate was 68. 5%(63/92), 54.1%(54/98)and 41.4%(29/70), respectively (X2 =4. 218, P=0.04). The Ⅰ and Ⅱ grades of radiation entero-colitis in Group A and Group B were 7.6% (7/92) and 6.1% (6/98), respectively (X2 = 0. 164, P= 0. 685). Conclusion Surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy can improve the survival rate and reduce the local recurrence rate in rectal carcinoma patients with stage Duke's B (Ⅱ) and C (Ⅲ).     

心肌梗塞大鼠血浆睾酮水平的动态变化及其性别差异

观察了雌、雄大鼠心肌梗塞(MI)后6小时到21天血浆睾嗣水平的动态变化。雄鼠左冠状动脉结扎后6小时血浆睾酮水平降低76%,24小时后虽略有回升,但直到第21天仍显低于术前水平,而雌鼠于术后24小时血浆睾酮升高50%,第9天已恢复到术前水平。实验结果提示,大鼠MI后血浆睾酮的改变有性别差异。MI后左室功能的代偿和恢复等方面的性别差异可能和血浆睾酮的改变不同有关。     

老年椎动脉性眩晕发作24h内相关因素与预后的关系

目的　观察老年椎动脉性眩晕起病情况及危险因素。方法　按发作次数和半年内最终有无脑血栓形成划分为A组、B组和C组。比较三组起病24 h内血液生化指标和颈动脉超声检查结果。结果　A组24 h内的高敏C反应蛋白(hs CRP)、收缩压( SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、血糖( BS)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂( TG)、颈总动脉血流阻力指数(CCARI)、颈内动脉血流阻力指数(ICARI)、斑块指数明显低于C 组(P< 0. 01, P< 0. 05), hs CRP、TG、CCARI、ICARI、斑块指数(plaque index)明显低于B组(P<0.01, P<0.05),B组hs CRP、DBP、BS明显低于C组,纤维蛋白原(FIB)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL C)、载脂蛋白B(Apo B)三组比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。应用Logistic回归分析显示其症状反复发作和脑血栓形成的相关危险因素为hs CRP、SBP、BS、TC、CCARI、ICARI和斑块指数。结论　hs CRP、SBP、BS、TC、CCARI、ICARI和斑块指数的升高,可能是颈动脉内斑块不稳定,易脱落的预警指标。     

硒对饲以克山病区粮大鼠白细胞吞噬氧化活性的影响——用全血化学发光法测定

本文首次报道采用改良的全血化学发π法测定硒对饲以克山病病区粮大鼠白细胞吞噬氧化活性的影响.选用SD纯系大鼠,随机分为3组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组),每组20只,雌雄各半,分别依次用克山病病区粮,病区粮加硒和非病区粮喂养1个月后,测定3组大鼠的肝硒水平分别为58ppb(Ⅰ组)、628ppb(Ⅱ组)、736ppb(Ⅲ组)。外周血白细胞总数(白细胞数/L,×10~(-9))结果分别为14.07±1.268(Ⅰ组),11.76±1.049(Ⅱ组)、13.89±0.791(Ⅲ组),3组均在正常值范围内,彼此之间无显著差异(p>0.05)。白细胞化学发光积分值(cpm/白细胞)结果分别为7.267±0.855(Ⅰ组)、10.324士1.026(Ⅱ组)、13.061士1.589(Ⅲ组),经统计学处理,Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组之间差别非常显著p<0.01,Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组之间也有显著差异p<0.05,而Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组之间无显著差异p>0.05,结果表明。硒对白细胞总数无明显影响;但低硒大鼠白细胞的吞噬氧化活性低下,补硒可提高白细胞的吞噬氧化活性。此为克山病的发病机理和临床防治提供了依据。     

低浓度NO吸入对先天性心脏病伴肺动脉高压患儿血流动力学的影响

对4例先天性心脏病室间隔缺损伴肺动脉高压患儿用Swan－Ganz导管监测血流动力学的情况下，观察吸入10mg／LNO后肺动脉压力及心输出量等的改变，结果表明，先天性心脏病室间隔缺损合并肺动脉高压患儿吸入低浓度NO气后，平均肺动脉压及肺血管阻力均较基础状态明显降低（P＜0．05），心输出量则较前增高。提示吸入10mg／LNO可明显降低先天性心脏病伴肺动脉高压患儿的肺动脉压力，增加心输出量。