基于Boost的柴油机微粒捕集器(DPF)性能分析

柴油机微粒排放控制技术已成为柴油机技术发展中的核心之一。文中探讨了微粒捕集器的捕集机理、过滤体材料特性以及再生技术。并利用AVL Boost软件建立模型,仿真分析了发动机的排气温度和柴油机微粒捕集器(Diesel Particulate Filter,DPF)的过滤孔密度对DPF的最高温度、排气背压和排气碳烟量的影响,提出了柴油机微粒捕集器设计优化的方法。     

柴油机的微粒排放及处理措施

从微粒 (PM)的组成、结构特征及生成说明了柴油机排放污染物中的PM的生成机理 ,介绍了PM捕集器技术处理措施     

柴油机微粒捕集器再生技术研究

柴油机排气微粒捕集器技术是实现柴油机微粒排放控制最有效的技术。而柴油机微粒捕集器的关键技术是过滤材料和再生方法的研究,本文在介绍其过滤材料和再生方法的基础上,对比分析和研究了其特点和主要问题。对系统中各类再生系统的结构和性能进行了分析比较,阐明了其优缺点和技术可行性。     

An Experimental Study on the Technology of Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration

微粒捕集器结合氧化催化器是被广泛采用的柴油机后处理技术路线.本文中设计了一套燃油雾化喷射系统,可更好地协助氧化催化器工作,将发动机的排气温度提升到微粒的起燃温度,台架验证试验结果表明,该系统能很好地实现微粒捕集器的再生.     

柴油机排气颗粒物捕集器的发展

柴油机在轻型车辆上使用的日趋普遍,使得柴油机排放气体中的颗粒物后处理成为研究热点。颗粒物捕集器是解决柴油机排气颗粒污染最有效的后处理技术。针对目前国内颗粒物捕集器的使用情况,论述了柴油机排气颗粒物捕集器过滤材料和过滤体再生技术近年来的研究现状,介绍了近年来过滤材料和过滤体再生技术结合良好的几种颗粒物捕集器,提出了颗粒物捕集器今后的研究方向。     

微粒捕集器再生技术的研究动态和发展趋势

微粒捕集器技术是满足未来车用柴油机严格排放法规的重要措施,再生技术是其中的关键环节。综述了柴油机微粒捕集器再生技术的研究现状,对各种再生技术进行了分析。阐述了这些再生技术存在的问题以及相关措施,并展望了微粒捕集器再生技术的发展趋势。     

柴油机微粒捕集器催化再生技术

柴油机微粒捕集器（DPF）能降低柴油机的微粒（PM）排放量,文章提出了DPF催化再生技术方案,将氧化催化器（DOC）与DPF相结合,通过DOC催化氧化未燃HC等来提高排气温度达到微粒着火温度500～600℃,点燃微粒从而完成再生过程。以YN4100QB–1A柴油机为研究对象,对不同喷油量下的DPF升温特性进行了试验研究,试验结果表明：当喷油量大于60mL/min时,再生系统能迅速将排气温度提高到500℃以上。可变喷油量的喷油控制方案可使DPF升温平缓,降低再生造成的二次污染。     

汽车发动机排放控制技术新动向

综述了国外汽车发动机排放技术的发展动态,详细介绍了降低汽车柴油发动机排气污染物的几种新的装置,并分析了其工作原理及结构,重点介绍了柴油机微粒捕集器的进展,讨论了今后要成功地大规模推广必须解决的问题。     

柴油机排放处理技术方法研究

柴油机以其良好的性能广泛地应用于各种机械装置,尤其是作为车辆动力。与汽油机相比,柴油机的HC和CO排放量相当低,NO_X排放量相当,而微粒PM排放约为汽油机的30-80倍。因此可以看出,柴油机的有害排放物主要是PM及NO_X。针对柴油机污染物的处理办法中,后处理装置微粒捕集器和选择还原催化转化器可谓是领先其他技术,优势凸显,推广发展。     

柴油机排放及其SCR控制技术

阐述了车用柴油机尾气排放物中有害物质的生成机理与危害．并简要介绍了当前发动机机内与机外净化措施，重点对处理NOx的SCR尿素选择性还原技术和处理PM的微粒捕集器及其再生技术进行了探讨。     

DOC辅助DPF再生的二次污染研究

在氧化型催化转换器(DOC)前端的排气管中喷入柴油,通过提高柴油机尾气温度、燃烧并去除柴油机微粒捕集器(DPF)中的PM,实现了DPF再生。对整个再生过程中尾气成分进行分析和计算,发现碳氢化合物(HC)为主要二次污染物,且排放相对较大。通过试验方法,分别研究喷油流量和喷油时DOC前端排气温度对再生过程中HC排放的影响,并依此提出保温处理、分阶段喷油和低速再生等三项优化措施。优化后再生过程中HC排放降低了68%,且燃油经济性提高了21%。     

Estimation of soot oxidation rate in DPF under carbon and non-carbon based particulate matter accumulated condition

By high particulate matter(PM) reduction performance, diesel particulate filter(DPF) is applied to almost all of modern HSDI diesel engine. PM emitted from diesel engine is consist of carbon based and non-carbon based material. Representative carbon based PM is soot. Non-carbon based PM is produced by wear of engine and exhaust component, combustion of lubrication oil and sulphur in fuel. Accumulation of non-carbon based PM affects pressure difference of DPF and thus accuracy of soot mass estimation in DPF can be lowered during normal and regeneration condition when the pressure difference caused by non-carbon based PM is not recognized correctly. Also unevenly accumulated PM inside of DPF can produce locally different exhaust gas temperature and thus it can lower accuracy of soot mass estimation during regeneration. This study focuses on estimation of soot oxidation rate not by conventional pressure difference but by exhaust gas analysis at up and downstream of DPF. Results, strong correlations between CO₂ -fuel mass ratio and soot oxidation was observed.     

Effects of Residual Ash on Dpf Capture and Regeneration

To study the effects of residual ash on the capture and regeneration of a diesel particulate filter (DPF), repeated capture and complete regeneration experiments were conducted. An engine exhaust particulate sizer was used to measure the particle size distribution of diesel in the front and back of DPF. Discrepancies in the size distribution of the particulate matter in repeated trapping tests were analyzed. To achieve complete DPF regeneration, a DPF regeneration system using nonthermal plasma technology was established. The regeneration carbon removal mass and peak temperatures of DPF internal measuring points were monitored to evaluate the effect of regeneration. The mechanism explaining the influence of residual ash on DPF capture and regeneration was thoroughly investigated. Results indicate that the DPF trapping efficiencies of the nuclear-mode particles and ultrafine particles have significant improvements with the increase quantity of residual ash, from 90 % and 96.01 % to 94.17 % and 97.27 %, respectively. The exhaust backpressure of the DPF rises from 9.41 kPa to 11.24 kPa. Heat transfer in the DPF is improved with ash, and the peak temperatures of the measuring points accordingly increase. By comparing the regeneration trials, the elapsed time for complete regeneration and time difference for reaching the peak temperature between adjacent reaction interfaces are extended with increased quantity of ash. The carbon removal mass rises by 34.00 %.     

采用燃烧器+氧化催化器的柴油机微粒捕集器复合再生控制策略的研究

设计了一种车载全流式燃烧器,从增压柴油机的涡轮增压器取出新鲜空气,从回油管路取油供给燃烧;将该装置安装在排气管尾端使捕集器进行再生.在燃烧器和捕集器之间增加氧化催化器,实现了在发动机所有稳态工况下捕集器的复合再生.在排气背压的再生控制策略基础上,根据经验公式对背压值进行温度修正,将三维背压MAP简化为二维,提出"恒温定时"的复合再生控制策略,分析了控制策略在不同工况区域的运用,给出了再生过程分析实例.对既定的控制策略进行了实车试验,结果表明微粒排放达到了国Ⅳ标准.     

Carbon Deposit Incineration During Engine Flameout Using Non-Thermal Plasma Injection

In order to investigate the influence of initial regeneration temperatures on diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration, an experimental study of DPF regeneration was implemented using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor, aided by exhaust waste heat after engine flameout. DPF trapping characteristics and carbon deposit mass were discussed to facilitate further data analysis and calculation. DPF regeneration was then investigated by comparison analysis of deposit removal mass, backpressure drop, and internal temperature change. The results revealed that a large amount of particulate matter (PM) was deposited in DPF with a high filtration efficiency of about 90 %. The deposit removal rate and percentage drop of the backpressure both maximized at the initial temperature of 100 °C. During DPF regeneration, the sharp rise of internal temperature indicated vigorous PM incineration and high CO₂ emission. The results successfully demonstrated DPF regeneration using non-thermal plasma injection during engine flameout, and prominent heat durability was achieved in this method.     

汽油机颗粒物捕捉器(GPF)的碳载模型计算介绍

汽油机颗粒物捕捉器(GPF)能有效地捕集汽车排气中的颗粒物,其过滤效果可接近90%。EMS通过对车辆运行过程中碳颗粒(soot)的生成速率以及系统控制再生过程的碳颗粒(soot)的燃烧速率积分计算,进而计算出GPF中累积的颗粒物的质量。因此对碳颗粒的累积质量及再生质量的计算极其重要。     

柴油机微粒捕集器定工况主动再生条件的试验研究

柴油机尾气后处理系统采用仅安装氧化催化转化器方案,通过试验确定了柴油机微粒捕集器定工况主动再生时所需的入口条件,通过对发动机不同工况排气温度的测量确定了微粒捕集器定工况主动再生的发动机工况点,得出了主动再生时排气管中所需喷入液化石油气的喷射脉宽.试验中氧化催化转化器对HC的转化效率达到了90%以上,满足了再生期间对催化...     

谐振进气改善增压中冷柴油机性能和排放的研究

自行设计了适合于车用增压中冷柴油机的谐振进气系统,试验研究了谐振进气对柴油机燃油消耗率(b)、充量系数(c)、排气烟度(Rb)、PM等气体排放物的影响。结果表明,采用谐振进气系统可有效改善增压中冷柴油机的低速性能。合理匹配谐振系统参数,在低于谐振转速的工况范围内,可有效提高增压中冷柴油机的进气充量,增加空燃比(α),降低b和Rb。采用谐振箱容积为1.83 L、谐振管直径为50 mm、谐振管长度为1.1 m的谐振系统,与原机相比,低速工况c提高5%,Rb降低33%,同时有效降低了CO及PM排放。