Design of convex hull plate forming by pure line heating

This paper presents a ship-hull plate forming way by pure line heating. The heating lines forming the required bending angle is determined by curvature analysis method. Heating along the calculated heating lines results in bland plate with initial transverse curvature. Then, the plate with desired convex shape can be obtained by heating in the longitudinal edge. This is the whole forming process by pure line heating. This paper presents a method of plane development for ship-hull plate with B-spline surface representation, and provides the shrinkage heating lines in the forming process. This forming way would facilitate temperature control and make plate forming automatically easy.     

Numerical simulation on truncated oval-nosed projectile penetrating into stiffened plate北大核心CSCD

[Objectives]In this paper, the numerical simulation method is used to study the anti-penetration performance and energy absorption mode of a stiffened plate, as well as the influence of different stiffened bars on the flight attitude of the projectile body.[Methods] Finite element software LS-DYNA is used to simulate the process of a truncated oval-nosed projectile penetrating a stiffened plate, and the results of the numerical simulation are compared with an experiment to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation method. The momentum method and mass equivalence method are used to predict the residual velocity of the projectile, and the applicability of different theoretical methods within different velocity ranges is compared. The deformation energy of different regions of the stiffened plate is then extracted to analyze the influence of the initial velocity of the projectile body on the energy absorption mode of the target plate. Finally, the structure of the stiffeners is changed and the influence of the relative position of the stiffeners on the penetration attitude of the projectile body is analyzed.[Results]The results show that the mass equivalence method is more accurate than the momentum method in predicting the residual velocity of the stiffened plate when the initial velocity of the projectile body is in the range of 300–900 m/s. The ratio of the deformation energy of the stiffened plate to the energy loss of the projectile body decreases with the increase of the initial velocity of the projectile body. The effect of a T-stiffened plate on trajectory is greater than that of a rectangular-stiffened plate.[Conclusions]The related calculation method and research results have certain reference value for research and engineering application surrounding the anti-penetration of stiffened plates. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

可渗透海床上具有小底部变形的斜弯曲重力波的相互作用:格林函数法（英文）

The interaction of oblique incident water waves with a small bottom deformation on a porous ocean-bed is examined analytically here within the framework of linear water wave theory. The upper surface of the ocean is assumed to be covered by an infinitely extended thin uniform elastic plate, while the lower surface is bounded by a porous bottom surface having a small deformation. By employing a simplified perturbation analysis, involving a small parameter δ(1), which measures the smallness of the deformation, the governing Boundary Value Problem(BVP) is reduced to a simpler BVP for the first-order correction of the potential function. This BVP is solved using a method based on Green's integral theorem with the introduction of suitable Green's function to obtain the first-order potential, and this potential function is then utilized to calculate the first-order reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function c(x) representing the bottom deformation. Consideration of a patch of sinusoidal ripples shows that when the quotient of twice the component of the incident field wave number propagating just below the elastic plate and the ripple wave number approaches one, the theory predicts a resonant interaction between the bed and the surface below the elastic plate. Again, for small angles of incidence, the reflected wave energy is more as compared to the other angles of incidence. It is also observed that the reflected wave energy is somewhat sensitive to the changes in the flexural rigidity of the elastic plate, the porosity of the bed and the ripple wave numbers. The main advantage of the present study is that the results for the values of reflection and transmission coefficients obtained are found to satisfy the energy-balance relation almost accurately.     

Control of Vortex Shedding and Drag Reduction through Dual Splitter Plates Attached to a Square Cylinder

In this paper we have made a numerical study on the control of vortex shedding and drag reduction of a cylinder by attaching thin splitter plates. The wake structure of the cylinder of square cross-section with attached splitter plates is analyzed for a range of Reynolds number, based on the incident stream and height of the cylinder, in the laminar range. The Navier-Stokes equations governing the flow are solved by the control volume method over a staggered grid arrangement. We have used the semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equation(SIMPLE) algorithm for computation. Our results show that the presence of a splitter plate upstream of the cylinder reduces the drag, but it has a small impact on the vortex shedding frequency when the plate length is beyond 1.5 time the height of the cylinder. The presence of a downstream splitter plate dampens the vortex shedding frequency. The entrainment of fluid into the inner side of the separated shear layers is obstructed by the downstream splitter plate. Our results suggest that by attaching in-line splitter plates both upstream and downstream of the cylinder, the vortex shedding can be suppressed, as well as a reduction in drag be obtained. We made a parametric study to determine the optimal length of these splitter plates so as to achieve low drag and low vortex shedding frequency.     

舰船舷侧液舱防护设计(英文)

Based on the traditional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, the linked-list search algorithm combined with the variable smoothing length and square support domain was put forward to improve the calculation efficiency and guarantee the calculation accuracy. The physical process of high velocity fragment impact on a broadside liquid cabin was programmed for simulation. The numerical results agreed well with those of the general software ANSYS AUTODYN, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the numerical method. From the perspective of the outer plate thickness of the liquid cabin, the width of the liquid cabin, and incident angle of the fragment, the influence of these parameters on protective mechanisms was analyzed to provide a basis for protective design of a broadside liquid cabin. Results show that the influence of outer plate thickness is not obvious; therefore, the conventional design can be adopted in the design of the outer plate. The width of the liquid cabin has a great influence on the residual velocity of the fragment and the width of the liquid cabin should be designed to be as wide as possible under the premise of meeting other requirements. There is a certain incident angle in which the velocity attenuation of the fragment is most obvious, and the high-pressure zone near the inner plate is asymmetric. The inner plate of liquid cabin should be strengthened according to the hull form, principal dimensions, and vulnerable points.     

The ultimate strength of doubler plate reinforced Y-joints under compression loading

It is common practice in the offshore industry to solve the punching shear problem due to compression by using doubler plate. The finite-element method is a useful tool for studying this problem. The aim of this paper is to study the static strength of doubler plate reinforced Y-joints subjected to compression loading. The finite-element method is adopted in numerical parametric studies. The individual influences of the geometric parameters βand τd （ doubler plate to chord wall thickness ratio） and ld/d1 （ dubler plate length to brace diameter ratio） on the ultimate strength are made clear. The results show the size of plate may have important effects on the strength of reinforced joints. It is found that the ultimate strength of Y-joints reinforced with appropriately proportioned doubler plates can be greatly improved nearly up tothree times to un-reinforced Y-joints.     

采用蒸汽再加热的船用蒸汽推进装置冷凝加热系统的热力学分析（英文）

The thermodynamic(energy and exergy) analysis of a condensate heating system, its segments, and components from a marine steam propulsion plant with steam reheating is performed in this paper. It is found that energy analysis of any condensate heating system should be avoided because it is highly influenced by the measuring equipment accuracy and precision. All the components from the observed marine condensate heating system have energy destructions lower than 3 kW, while the energy efficiencies of this system are higher than 99%. The exergy efficiency of closed condensate heaters continuously increases from the lowest to the highest steam pressures(from 70.10% to 92.29%). The ambient temperature variation between 5 °C and 45 °C notably influences the exergy efficiency change of both low pressure heaters and the low pressure segment equal to 31.61%,12.37%, and 18.35%, respectively.     

有限水深中垂直下潜弹性薄板的水波散射(英文)

The problem of water wave scattering by a thin vertical elastic plate submerged in uniform finite depth water is investigated here.The boundary condition on the elastic plate is derived from the Bernoulli-Euler equation of motion satisfied by the plate.Using the Green’s function technique,from this boundary condition,the normal velocity of the plate is expressed in terms of the difference between the velocity potentials(unknown)across the plate.The two ends of the plate are either clamped or free.The reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained in terms of the integrals’involving combinations of the unknown velocity potential on the two sides of the plate,which satisfy three simultaneous integral equations and are solved numerically.These coefficients are computed numerically for various values of different parameters and depicted graphically against the wave number in a number of figures.     

基于塑性模型的钢悬链立管疲劳分析（英文）

The most critical issue in the steel catenary riser design is to evaluate the fatigue damage in the touchdown zone accurately. Appropriate modeling of the riser-soil resistance in the touchdown zone can lead to significant cost reduction by optimizing design. This paper presents a plasticity model that can be applied to numerically simulate riser-soil interaction and evaluate dynamic responses and the fatigue damage of a steel catenary riser in the touchdown zone. Utilizing the model, numerous riser-soil elements are attached to the steel catenary riser finite elements, in which each simulates local foundation restraint along the riser touchdown zone. The riser-soil interaction plasticity model accounts for the behavior within an allowable combined loading surface. The model will be represented in this paper, allowing simple numerical implementation. More importantly, it can be incorporated within the structural analysis of a steel catenary riser with the finite element method. The applicability of the model is interpreted theoretically and the results are shown through application to an offshore 8.625″ steel catenary riser example. The fatigue analysis results of the liner elastic riser-soil model are also shown. According to the comparison results of the two models, the fatigue life analysis results of the plasticity framework are reasonable and the horizontal effects of the riser-soil interaction can be included.     

Influence of external restraint distribution on welding buckling of thin plate butt joint北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］It is easy to produce buckling distortion when welding thin plate butt joints, which affects the construction period, cost and performance, but this can be controlled by applying external restraints. ［Methods ］ First, a butt welding test of a thin plate under external restraints is carried out, and the out-of-plane deformation is measured by the optical surface scanning method. At the same time, finite element (FE) models in a free state and external restraint state are established, and the thermal mechanical phenomena of the two models are subjected to thermal-elastic-plastic FE analysis (TEP FE). The influence of different external restraint distributions on the welding buckling distortion of the joints is then studied, and reasons for controlling welding buckling distortion are analyzed from the perspective of longitudinal plastic strain and longitudinal contraction force.［Results ］ The out-of-plane deformation of the corresponding model is in good agreement with the measured results, and milder than the out-of-plane deformation of the model in a free state. When external restraints are applied, the longitudinal plastic strain of the weld and its adjacent metal decreases, and the longitudinal contraction force of the thin plate also decreases.［Conclusions ］ The results verify that external restraints can effectively control welding buckling distortion, and the control effects are different depending on the external restraint distribution. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

三维移动式钢板高频感应加热成形电磁-热-力全耦合有限元建模研究

文章基于ANSYS-APDL语言,建立了三维移动式钢板高频感应加热成形电磁—热—力多物理场耦合有限元模型,并使用线圈单元选取法实现了感应线圈热源模型的移动。文中采用此模型研究了Q345钢板在不同加热功率下的变形情况,得到如下结论：钢板加热时受热不均匀,加热区上下表面温差很大最后阶段出现端部效应;随着加热功率的增大,钢板表面瞬时最高温度也增大;加热过程中钢板最大压应力出现在上表面加热区前端,最大拉应力出现在钢板上表面加热区的前方;冷却后钢板最大压应力出现在加热线末端,最大拉应力出现在加热线中段区域;开始时加热区上翘,已加热区冷却下凹,当热源接近末端时,已加热变形区上翘,钢板经过冷却后,整体下凹;随着加热功率的增大,加热区域Y方向变形 Uy越大,钢板弯曲角度线性增大,曲率半径先减小后趋于定值;改进后模型的模拟结果与相同实验参数下的实验结果基本吻合,与传统模拟方法相比更接近实验结果。     

钢板感应加热机理及电磁-热耦合场的数值模拟

在船体外板水火成形工艺的实际加工和机械自动化加工试验中,研究发现使用氧-乙炔火焰热源存在很多难以解决的问题和局限,为此本文提出了采用电磁感应加热取代氧-乙炔火焰加热,阐述了感应加热的原理和过程,并利用ANSYS有限元软件对感应加热中的电磁-热耦合场进行了数值模拟,对计算结果进行了相应分析.     

感应加热板材成形的有限元分析及工艺规划

通过感应加热实现板材的热弯成形，具有精准控制、安全便捷等特点。本研究采用新型便携式感应加热设备，对8mm船板钢进行热弯成形试验；并基于热-弹-塑性及弹性有限元计算，预测感应加热面外弯曲变形，与测量数据基本吻合。同时，考虑试验成本高昂，通过大通量的有限性计算，建立感应加热参数与板材弯曲的数据库；并通过回归分析，拟合出感应线圈移动速度与板材弯曲角度间的数学关系。当板材弯曲曲率相同时，通过线加热位置的迭代二分法，可线性逼近板材的目标弯曲形状，进而快速规划加工工艺，并进行了验证。     

钢板弯曲工艺中的高频感应加热过程数值分析

作为电磁感应热源应用于船体板水火弯板工艺的一项基础研究,首先阐述了钢板感应加热的磁热耦合理论,然后利用ANSYS软件代码开发了钢板感应加热的有限元模型.数值计算结果和实验结果相一致,并得出了钢板感应加热过程中的电磁场分布规律和和温度随时间的变化规律,计算结果符合感应加热的特征.     

单曲率船体外板电磁感应加热弯曲成型工艺规划

以18.000 mm厚的船用AH36钢板为研究对象，开展电磁感应加热弯曲成型试验并测量板材的瞬态温度，采用手持式三维扫描仪获取板材点云数据，利用后处理软件得到板材面外弯曲变形云图。基于热-弹-塑性有限元分析，模拟板材电磁感应加热弯曲成型过程，温度和面外弯曲变形计算结果与测量数据较吻合，验证建立的数值模型的准确性。基于高通量的有限元分析，建立热源移动速度与横向弯曲角度的数学关系。针对单曲率板材，提出内接折线法和外切折线法拟合板材弯曲形状，给出相应的板材加热线位置和热源移动速度等工艺参数，进行热-弹-塑性有限元分析。计算结果表明，由提出的两种方法得到的面外弯曲变形均与目标曲率板的弯曲形状相吻合，证明内接折线法和外切折线法应用于实际工程的可行性。     

船体曲率板感应加热成形工艺研究

[目的]在船舶建造过程中,板材的弯曲成形工艺不仅影响建造成本及周期,而且其成形精度也会影响船舶的水动力性能及其运营成本。[方法]针对船体板材双曲率成形效率低且精度差等问题,首先以感应加热作为热源,实现热弯成形,得到典型的帆形曲率板;然后通过高效的热?弹?塑性有限元(TEP FE)计算及基于弯曲力矩的弹性有限元计算,再现板材双曲率热弯成形的力学响应;同时,研究感应加热过程工艺参数影响板材弯曲成形的力学机理,提出线性逼近迭代二分法,实现板材热弯成形中加热位置和热源移动速度等工艺规划,并进行板材热弯成形过程及参数的有限元计算验证。[结果]结果显示,采用基于规划的工艺参数计算分析所得面外弯曲变形与目标曲率板的弯曲形状相当吻合。[结论]研究结果验证了线性逼近迭代二分法在实际工程应用中的可行性和准确性,并为曲率板成形工艺的优化提供了新的解决方案。     

船体外板水火成型智能机器人控制器的研究

针对船体外板水火成型在造船生产中表现出技术性强，难度大，工作环境恶劣，且具有很强特色的一种经验性钢板曲面成型的特点，本文基于船体外板水火成型工艺参数预报系统，设计了该类型特种智能机器人控制器，首先介绍了船体外板水火成型机器人的工作原理及其加工工艺流程，接着描述了该机器人的总体结构及其技术要求，最后就所设计的智能机器人控制器，详细地阐述了其硬，软件系统设计过程，调试结果证明，所设计的智能机器人控制器具有良好的性能，大大提高了船体外板建造质量和速度。     

电磁感应加热矫平工艺在船用薄板中的应用

针对薄板易变形的问题,通过采用分段变形控制方法降低薄板矫平难度,分析薄板火工矫平存在的问题、对比电磁感应加热矫平及火工矫平原理,采用两种矫平方法的典型薄板总段试验表明,电磁矫平更适合用于客船6 mm及以下薄板整体矫平,总结了电磁矫平作业原则。     

船体外板鞍形板自重成型的数学模型

应用弹性力学壳体理论分析和ANSYS软件数值模拟,对船体鞍形外板在自重作用下引起的变形进行计算,在此基础上应用逐步回归方法建立了鞍形板自重成型的数学模型.     

基于有限元和神经网络的主动加热红外无损测厚技术

提出了通过对平板进行单面主动加热,根据平板的热响应测厚的红外无损测厚技术．使用有限元数值计算,得到了不同厚度、加热热流、加热温度、加热区域形状、加热面积下的碳钢平板热响应．使用BP神经网络(NN)建立了热响应与板厚之间的非线性映射,神经网络的训练和测试表明该方法具有较高的精度和较好的推广性．实际应用中可使用红外热像仪记录平板表面的热响应．提出的红外无损测厚技术具有单向性、不接触等优势,具有良好的应用前景．