人ECK基因外显子3的实验研究

目的　建立人eck基因外显子 3(exon 3)的克隆与鉴定方法 ,研究其在ZR 75 1细胞系中的突变情况。方法　设计一对eck基因exon 3特异性引物 ,提取人正常皮肤组织和乳腺癌细胞系ZR 75 1基因组DNA ,并以此作为模板 ,采用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)技术扩增eck基因exon 3片段 ,克隆入中介载体pUCm T中构建重组质粒 ,转化JM10 9大肠杆菌 ,扩增后经酶切、PCR初步鉴定后 ,进行序列分析。结果　①从正常皮肤组织上皮细胞、ZR 75 1细胞系基因组DNA中 ,经PCR扩增 ,获得了人eck基因exon 3片段 ;②建立了正常皮肤组织、ZR 75 1细胞系eck基因exon 3片段的克隆 ;③ZR 75 1细胞系中eck基因exon 3片段存在突变。结论　从人组织与细胞系基因组DNA中 ,成功地构建了人类eck基因exon 3的克隆 ,并证实eck基因exon 3在ZR 75 1乳腺癌细胞系中有突变 ,为进一步研究eck基因exon 3在肿瘤形成中的作用奠定了基础     

人神经生长因子的基因克隆和序列分析

目的　克隆人神经生长因子基因编码区。方法　由人末梢血白细胞中提取细胞总DNA ,利用PCR法 ,从DNA中扩增出人神经生长因子编码区基因DNA片段 ;将获得的基因片段插入 pGEM T Easy质粒中 ,转化到大肠杆菌DH5α后挑选阳性克隆 ,利用限制性内切酶酶切核苷酸序列分析技术鉴定重组质粒。结果　经质粒DNA酶切分析及序列测定 ,获得了人神经生长因子DNA片段序列。结论　首次由人白细胞DNA中克隆获得了人神经生长因子基因 ,为神经生长因子的基因治疗提供了前提条件。     

人脑源性神经营养因子基因克隆及序列分析

目的　克隆人脑源性神经营养因子 (hBDNF)基因并进行序列分析。方法　提取健康成人末梢血白细胞基因组DNA作为模板 ,应用PCR技术和T 载体克隆法克隆hBDNF基因 ,筛选阳性克隆、酶切鉴定 ,并进行序列测定和分析。结果　DNA序列测定的结果与GenBank提供的已知序列 (M6 1 1 81 )比较 ,所克隆的hBDNF基因从起始密码子ATG到终止密码子TAG全长共744bp ,序列完全相同。结论　自人基因组DNA中克隆hBDNF基因 ,为进一步开展阿尔茨海默病 (AD)的基因治疗积累了资料。     

CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF MATURED FRAGMENT OF HUMAN NEVER GROWTH FACTOR GENE

Humannervegrowthfactor (hNGF)istheear liestrevealedcellulargrowthregulator.Researchershaveattainedafairlygoodunderstandingofthisnu tritionalfactorthatisessentialtothesurvival,growthanddifferentiationofcentralandperipheralnerves.Theclinicaluseofnerve growthfactor(NGF)hasapotentialtorepairorregrowdamagednerves,topreventandtreatretrogradeneurologicaldiseases,andto promotedifferentiationofneuro blast .Thepreviousstudieshaveshownthatdirectpu rificationofNGFisdifficultandoflessproductionwhilegen…     

重组人单链白细胞介素12融合基因(rhscIL-12)的构建和真核表达

克隆人 IL - 1 2 ( h IL - 1 2 ) p40和 p35亚单位 c DNA,构建人单链 IL- 1 2 ( rhsc IL- 1 2 )融合基因 ,并在哺乳动物细胞中进行表达。方法　从经 PDBu刺激的 EBV转化的人 B淋巴母细胞株 NC37中提取 m RNA,经 RT- PCR分别获得 h IL- 1 2 p40和 p35亚单位编码序列的 c DNA,运用重组 PCR技术将两段基因通过一疏水性多肽接头 ( Gly4 Ser) 3 DNA序列进行体外基因重组 ,构建 rhsc IL- 1 2融合基因 ,将其插入 pc DNA3.1 ( + )真核表达载体 ,经脂质体转染 COS7细胞进行表达 ,Western blot进行分析。结果　所克隆的 h IL- 1 2 p40、p35c DNA序列和构建的 rhsc IL - 1 2融合基因 DNA序列均经测序得以证实 ,融合基因可在 COS7中表达其产物 rhsc IL- 1 2融合蛋白 ,其分子量为 70 KD,可与鼠抗人 IL - 1 2 p40 /p70单克隆抗体特异性结合。结论　本研究结果为进一步探讨 rhsc IL- 1 2融合蛋白的生物学活性和特性奠定了基础 ,也为 rhsc IL- 1 2融合基因在原核细胞中的表达提供了可能性     

丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白酵母双杂交诱饵载体的构建及人胎肝cDNA文库的扩增、纯化和鉴定

目的用含丙型肝炎病毒核心(HCV core)蛋白的cDNA片段构建酵母双杂交诱饵载体,并进行人胎肝cDNA文库的扩增、纯化和鉴定。方法PCR扩增含HCV core蛋白不同大小的cDNA片段,分别克隆入pUC19质粒,经测序正确后,再亚克隆入酵母双杂交诱饵载体pGBKT7中。扩增人胎肝cDNA文库并纯化、鉴定。结果获得含HCVcore蛋白的cDNA片段,并成功克隆入pGBKT7中。待转化的人肝cDNA文库滴度在5×108左右,纯化后的质粒DNA质量浓度约1 g/L。用EcoRⅠ、XhoⅠ双酶切显示插入片段大小不一。结论成功构建了核心蛋白的酵母双杂交诱饵载体;扩增、纯化的人胎肝cDNA文库的多样性很好,适合于筛选。为用酵母双杂交技术研究与HCV core蛋白相互作用的蛋白打下坚实基础。     

人神经营养素-3成熟蛋白基因克隆及序列分析

应用 PCR技术 ,分别以 2个健康成人末梢血白细胞染色体 DNA为模板 ,扩增出人神经营养素 - 3( h NT- 3)成熟蛋白基因 ,并克隆至原核质粒 p UC1 9中进行基因序列测定。将所得序列与 Gen Bank提供的序列 ( M6 1 1 80 )进行对比 ,结果显示一序列与已知序列完全一致 ,另一序列中第 1 41、2 0 4和 2 1 9位碱基发生了改变 ,但改变的碱基不影响其编码的氨基酸。     

TSH RECEPTOR GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN THE AUTONOMOUSLYFUNCTIONING THYROID ADENOMAS

Objective To determine the relationship between TSH receptor gene mutations and autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas (AY‘]rAs). Methods The thyroid samples from 14 cases of diagnosed AFTAs were analyzed, with normal thyroid specimens adjacent to the tumors as controls. The 155 base pairs DNA fragments which encompassed the third cytoplasmic loop and the sixth transmembrane segments in the TSH receptor gene exon 10 were amplified by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed with Prism Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Core Kit.Results 6 of 14 AFTA specimens displayed abnormal migration in SSCP analysis. In sequence analysis of 3 abnormally migrated samples, one base substitution at nucleotide 1957 (A to C) and two same insertion mutations of one adenosine nucleotide between nucleotide 1972 and 1973 were identified. No mutations were found in controls. Conclusion This study confirmed the presence of TSH receptor gene mutations in AFTAs; both one-point substitution mutation and onebase insertion mutation were found to be responsible for the pathogenesis of AFTAs.     

CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF A GENE MEDIATING γ-RADIATION-INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN HL-60 CELLS

Apoptosis,orprogrammedcelldeath(PCD),isanintricatelyregulatedprocess">.Geneticstud-iesofapoptosisinCaenorhabditiseleganshavei-dentifiedced-3andced-4asproapoptoticgenesandced-9asanantiapoptoticgene"=-Severalmam-malianhomologuesofced-3,ced-4andced-9havebeenidentified.Recentstudiesindicatethatthefundamentalapoptosismachinery,whichconsistsofdistincteffectors,inhibitorsandinitiators,hasbeenconservedthroughoutevolution.Thekeyapoptosiseffectorsinmammalsareafamilyofcys-teine-containing,aspartate-spe…     

丙型肝炎病毒1b DY株ns5a基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的克隆和表达丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）1b型地方株DY株ns5a基因。方法运用原核细胞基因工程技术。设计目的基因的特异引物，采用巢式PCR法，从含HCV1bDY株全长eDNA的质粒HCV17中扩增出约480bp的目的片段，将其插入克隆载体pMD18-Tvector中，再亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a中；经酶切、PCR及测序鉴定后转化入BL21菌株，在IPTG诱导下进行融合蛋白的表达；采用SDS-PAGE电泳及Western-blot检测NS5A蛋白的表达水平。结果成功构建了含有HCV1b DY株ns5a基因的重组体，并得以表达。结论成功构建和表达了HCV1b DY株ns5a基因，为进一步研究HCVns5a的基因型及探讨该基因编码的Ns5A蛋白的性质和生物学活性创造了条件。     

THE CONSTRUCTION AND EXPRESSION OF THE MURINE SCFV GENE IN E. COLI AGAINST HUMAN CERVICAL CANCER

Objective To obtain the gene of murine Single chain Fv fragment （ScFv） against haman cervical cancer and to express it in E. coli. Methods The variable region gene fragments of the heavy and light chains, which were amplified respectively using recombinant DNA techniques from CsA125 hybridama cells, were spliced together through a flexible linker to ScFv against human cervical cancer. The ScFv genes were then cloned into expression vector pCANTAB 5E and expressed in E. coli HB2151 and TG1 respectively. The soluble ScFv were characterized by SDSPAGE and Western blot. The antigen-binding activities of the soluble and phage displayed ScFv were assayed by ELISA and cell immunohistochemical analysis. Results The expressed ScFv antibodies were soluble and phage displayed. soluble ScFv secreted and expressed in E. coli HB2151 induced by IPTG were confirmed with SDS-PAGE, Western blot and ELISA. The specific binding capacity of the soluble and phage displayed ScFv to the surface associated antigen of human cervical cancer cell line was further confirmed with immunohistochemical studies. Conclusion The soluble and phage displayed ScFv expressed in E. coll against haman cervical cancer showed high, specific affinity for the cervical cancer cell line surface associated antigen.     

增强型绿色荧光蛋白标记的Hela细胞株的建立

目的构建增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)标记的Hela细胞系。方法PCR和DNA测序鉴定pEGFP-C1真核表达质粒,采用Qiagen tip 500进行pEGFP-C1真核表达质粒DNA的提取和纯化;cellfectin转染Hela细胞,G418筛选,有限稀释法单克隆培养,荧光显微镜进行荧光检测EGFP的表达,采用激光共聚焦显微镜观测器检测荧光特性。结果PCR和DNA测序证实pEGFP质粒结构正确;在倒置荧光显微镜下,转染24h后,部分Hela细胞可见绿色荧光,转染72h时,大约80%Hela细胞内均可见绿色荧光。加入含G418的选择性培养基进行选择性培养,选择荧光较强的Hela细胞经有限稀释,持续筛选及克隆化培养,获得稳定表达绿色荧光的Hela细胞克隆,扩大培养并传至10代以上,将此细胞株命名为Hela-EGFP。激光共聚焦显微镜观察发现:在蓝光(-395nm)激发时,Hela-EGFP细胞绿色荧光激发波长为395nm,最大发射峰为509nm。结论Hela-EGFP细胞株具备稳定表达EGFP的能力,为实时可视化进行宫颈癌侵袭转移机制的研究奠定了基础。     

人MCHR1真核表达载体构建及稳定转染HEK293细胞系的建立

目的构建人MCHR1真核表达载体,转染HEK293细胞,建立稳定转染的HEK293细胞系。方法采用PCR方法,以人胎脑cDNA文库为模板扩增人MCHR1基因的全长cDNA编码区序列,利用DNA重组技术将其定向插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1( ),经酶切和测序鉴定后,用脂质体转染法转染HEK293细胞,通过G418筛选,建立稳定转染的HEK293细胞系,用RT-PCR、Western-blot检测MCHR1的表达。结果构建了pcDNA3.1( )/MCHR1真核表达载体,建立了稳定转染的HEK293细胞系,并成功地表达了目的基因。结论真核表达载体成功构建和稳定转染HEK293细胞系的建立为进一步研究MCHR1的功能奠定了良好的实验基础。     

胸腔积液中脱落细胞p53基因突变的检测及其意义

目的　探讨聚合酶链反应 -单链构象多态性分析 (PCR- SSCP)检测胸液脱落细胞 p53基因突变在恶性胸腔积液 (MPE)诊断中的可行性及价值。方法　用 PCR- SSCP分别检测了 1 9例MPE及 1 2例结核性胸腔积液中新鲜脱落细胞标本的抑癌基因— p53基因 5～ 8外显子的突变情况 ,并与正常胸膜组织进行对照。结果　 7例 MPE有 p53基因突变 ,突变率为 36.84%。其中5例发生在第 5外显子 ,2例发生在第 7外显子 ,第 6、8外显子未检出突变 ,有 2例突变检出早于临床病理诊断。结核性胸液无 1例突变。结论　提示 p53基因突变在 MPE脱落细胞中较常见 ;PCR- SSCP分析胸液脱落细胞中 p53基因突变可以作为 MPE的一种辅助诊断方法     

DETECTING LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR MUTANT GENE OF RABBIT BY PCR

Objective Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidaemic （WHHL） rabbits with low density lipoprotein receptor （LDLr） gene mutation have provided unprecedented opportunities for the study of human atherusclerusis, in order to confirm LDL receptor gene status in rabbits, we developed a simple PCR technique to detect LDL mutations in rabbits. Methods Rabbits genomic DNA were extracted from ear biopsy, and amplified by PCR to detect 12 bp deletion mutation in WHHL rabbits. PCR products were directly digested with Bgl Ⅰ, and then applied to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results PCR products from homozygous LDLr ＋/＋ rabbits generated 2 bands of 212 and 94 bp after Bgl Ⅰ digestion, LDLr ＋/- rabbits generated 3 bands （294, 212, and 94 bp）, LDLr -/- animals, however, generated only 1 product （294 bp）. Conclusion This modified PCR method is simple and reliable.     

CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF A cDNA SEQUENCE FOR HUMAN THIOREDOXIN

Thioredoxin (TRX)isanoxidoreductaseen zyme,withamolecularweightof 1 2kD .Itwasi dentifiedoriginallyinE .coliasanhydrogendonorforribonucleotidereductaseanddeoxyribonucle otidesynthesis[1] .Thegeneofhumanthioredoxin(hTRX)islocatedonchromosome 3 p1 1 p1 2 ,withafulllengthof 1 3Kb .Theopenreadingframe ( 3 1 5nucleotideslong)codedforaproteinof 1 0 4aminoacids[2 ,3] .ManyfunctionsofTRXhavebeenre ported,whichincludethefollowing :TheTRXsystem (whichincludesHADPHasaprotondonor,TRXreductase ,…     

Cloning and sequencing of a DNA fragment encoding N37 apoptotic peptide derived from p53

Objective It was reported that p53 apoptotic peptide (N37) could inhibit p73 gene through being bound with iASPP, which could induce tumor cell apoptosis. To further explore the function of N37, we constructed the cloning plasmid of DNA fragment encoding p53 (N37) apoptotic peptide by using DNA synthesis and molecular biology methods. Methods According to human p53 sequence from the GenBank database, the primer of p53(N37) gene was designed using Primer V7.0 software. The DNA fragment encoding p53 (N37) apoptotic peptide was amplified by using self-complementation polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and cloned into the pGEM-T Easy vector. The constructed plasmid was confirmed by endonuclease analysis and sequencing. Results The insertion of objective DNA fragment was confirmed by plasmid DNA enzyme spectrum analysis, p53 (N37) gene was successfully synthesized chemically in vitro. The sequencing result of positive clone was completely identical to the human p53(N37) sequence in GenBank using BLAST software (http://www. ncbi. him. nih. gov/cgi-bin /BLASTn). Conclusion The cloning of DNA fragment encoding p53(N37) apoptotic peptide was constructed by using DNA synthesis and pGEM-T Easy cloning methods. With the constructed plasmid, we could further investigate the function of N37 peptide.     

RD-PCR技术在酵母基因表达谱研究中的应用

目的　应用RD PCR技术分离酵母基因。方法　首先提取酿酒酵母 (Saccharomycescerevisiae)总RNA ,纯化mRNA ;然后 ,反转录成双链cDNA ;再用限制性内切酶Sau3AI酶切 ,在酶切片段上加上接头后 ,用通用引物U进行第一次PCR扩增 ,以这一产物为模板用选择性引物(在通用引物的 3’端延伸两个碱基 )作第二次PCR扩增。 5 %PAGE胶分离基因片段 ,选择单带割胶回收 ,做第三次PCR扩增 ,与载体连接 ,最后进行测序分析。结果　采用这种方法分离得到的基因片段 ,经Blast检索分析 ,确为来自酿酒酵母基因的cDNA片段或表达序列标签 (EST)。结论　RD PCR技术可以有效地分离EST ,可用于酵母基因表达调控的研究。     

用碱性裂解法提取人血凝块中基因组DNA

目的建立一种新的从人血凝块中提取基因组DNA的方法。方法血凝块于室温自然解冻,匀浆,碱消化,酚氯仿抽提,电泳检测。结果用碱性裂解法从人血凝块中成功提取到基因组DNA,提取的DNA质量浓度平均为0.46 g/L,且吸光度比值A260/A280>1.8,选取人Gpx-1基因作PCR获得满意的目的片段。结论用碱性裂解法提取的基因组DNA的总量较高,提取效率高,PCR扩增效果好,可很好的应用于血凝块基因组DNA的提取。