船舶在随浪中的运动与横甩预报

本文在水平的随船坐标系下，建立了船舶在波浪中的六自由度操纵运动方程。进行船舶在波浪中的回转运动和Z形操纵运动模型试验，验证数学模型的正确性。通过不同波浪和航速条件下船舶Z形操纵运动的模拟计算，预报船舶在随浪中的横甩，预报结果与试验结果比较一致。     

基于体积力方法的船舶波浪回转运动数值仿真

研究船舶在波浪环境中的自由操纵运动对船舶操纵性具有重要意义.本文对ONRT全附体模型在规则波中的回转运动进行仿真研究.采用基于结构化动态重叠网格的自研CFD软件HUST-Ship求解RANS方程与船体六自由度运动方程的耦合问题.RANS方程通过有限差法离散,并使用PISO算法进行求解.波浪中操纵运动使用了移动计算域方法...     

基于ν-支持向量机的波浪中船舶操纵运动辨识建模

本文采用系统辨识方法对船舶在波浪中的三自由度操纵运动进行黑箱建模。以KCS船为研究对象，建模所需的数据由规则波中的船模回转试验获得。分别利用原始数据及经低通滤波处理后的数据，应用ν-支持向量机进行黑箱建模。进一步地，利用所建立的模型进行运动预报，并将预报结果与真实的试验值进行比较，对所提出的建模方法进行验证。结果表明，ν-支持向量机是一种可进行波浪中的船舶操纵运动辨识建模的有效方法。     

船舶在波浪中的操纵运动预报

本文应用水平的随船坐标系，建立了船舶在波浪中的六自由度操纵运动方程。为了检验数学模型的正确性，进行了船舶在波浪中的操纵运动模型试验。应用上述数学模型，初步分析了波浪对船舶操纵性能的影响，以及船舶操纵对波浪中船舶运动性能的影响。     

螺旋桨在规则波中推力和转矩变化的研究

本文叙述了敞水螺旋桨在规则波中有纵摇升沉运动情况下进行的模型试验,得到了在一定航速和不同波浪频率时螺旋桨推力和转矩随进速系数变化的性征曲线,给出了它们之间的关系式,可供初步估算。试验结果表明螺旋桨在波浪中的推力和转矩值均大于静水值。本文还利用三维 Green 函数法,以汇盘代替螺旋桨计算了桨在规则波中运动时的敞水水动力性能,并与模型试验比较,结果吻合良好。最后,计算了桨轴浸深对波浪中敞水桨推力和转矩的影响。     

CFD数值模拟船舶在波浪中的回转操纵运动

[目的]船舶回转操纵运动能够反映出船舶的回转特性,与船舶的航行安全密切相关。[方法]为此,采用基于重叠网格技术的CFD求解器naoe-FOAM-SJTU,对标准船模ONRT在波浪中自由回转操纵运动进行直接数值模拟。运用动态重叠网格技术求解船、桨、舵系统复杂运动,计算中,螺旋桨转速对应于静水中的船模自航点进行35°转舵,实现自由回转船舶操纵运动。通过全粘性流场的整体求解,给出波浪中自由回转操纵运动中船舶六自由度运动、螺旋桨和舵的水动力载荷变化,以及波浪中船舶的回转圈特征参数,并与同试验结果进行对比。通过数值计算得到精细的流场信息,分析波浪对船舶自由回转操纵运动的影响。[结果]数值预报得到的船舶运动轨迹、回转圈参数与试验值吻合较好,证明naoe-FOAM-SJTU求解器对于波浪中船—桨—舵相互作用下的船舶自由回转操纵运动数值预报的适用性和可靠性。[结论]船舶回转操纵运动的数值模拟,可为回转性能的评估提供有效的前期评估手段。     

船体非线性波浪载荷的水弹性分析

本文采用水弹性分析方法研究船舶在规则波及不规则波中迎浪航行时的结构动力响应（运动、剪力和弯矩等）。确定流体载荷时应用了扩展的切片理论，其中计及由于船体的非直舷、剖面吃水的瞬时变化和船体振荡的非简谐特性所导致的非线性，同时还考虑了波浪冲击、出水和上浪的影响。运动方程是在时域内步进求解。数值计算结果与规则波中的模型试验相比较，符合程度令人满意。     

转舵速度对船舶操纵性影响研究

采用MMG分离式水动力模型作为船舶操纵运动数学模型，编写MATLAB程序进行操纵性仿真预报，结合一艘双桨双舵船舶在设计航速下的定常回转运动进行了数值模拟，分析了船在不同转舵速度的回转运动轨迹和相应参数，进而得出转舵速度对船舶操纵性的影响规律。     

风浪中船舶航向保持能力分析研究

本文以某油船为研究对象,建立了风浪中船舶操纵运动数学模型,基于模型试验数据,回归分析了阻力系数以及螺旋桨推力系数。通过建立的数学模型,模拟计算了静水中以及各种风浪中的操纵运动,对船舶的操纵运动进行了全面的考察,之后,通过控制舵角,分析了各种风浪组合下该船的航向保持能力,为该船在风浪中的航向保持提供了重要的参考。     

基于OpenFOAM的非对称双体船操纵性预报及运动特性研究

基于粘性流体理论,利用6自由度MMG模型,结合非对称双体船的水动力性能特点,建立静水中该类船型在水平面上操纵运动的模型。用开源CFD求解器Open FOAM对该模型在不同舵角下的定常回转运动和高舵角下的Z形运动进行数值模拟。比较了打左舵和右舵时的操纵运动特性,显示非对称侧体对回转运动和Z形运动具有明显的影响,并实现了对该类双体船操纵性能的预报。     

Validation of 6-DOF motion simulations for ship turning in regular waves

In this study, a six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) motion simulation method of a ship steering in regular waves is validated. The proposed simulation model is based on the two-time scale concept where the 6-DOF motions are expressed as the sum of the low-frequency maneuvering motions and high-frequency wave-induced motions. Turning simulations of a KCS container ship model with a rudder angle of \(\pm 35^\circ\) in calm water and regular waves are performed and the obtained results are compared with the results of a free-running model test. The model tests were conducted using a ship model of length 3.057 m in a square tank at the National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering, Japan. The wave conditions were as follows: the wave height was 3.6 m at full-scale, ratio of wavelength to ship length was 1.0, and the ship approached in the head wave direction before it was steered. The present method can simulate both the turning motion and wave-induced motions in regular waves with practical accuracy.

     

船—缆拖曳系统操纵性能分析

为获取拖船在拖曳时的操纵性的变化规律。文章采用MMG船舶运动数学模型的建模思想,建立了六自由度拖船运动数学模型,采用有限差分法,建立了拖缆模型。然后,在此基础上建立将船-缆耦合起来以形成整个系统的运动数学模型,并分别采用龙格库塔方法对船舶运动积分求解,采用后向差分法对拖缆运动进行求解。通过对比仿真计算分析了水面拖船在拖带过程中的加速性能、旋回性能及偏转抑制性能。仿真结果表明在拖船与拖缆的相互影响下,拖船的加速性能和旋回性能有所下降而偏转抑制性能有所增强。     

Prediction of the maneuverability of a large container ship with twin propellers and twin rudders

The maneuvering characteristics of a large container ship with twin propellers and twin rudders were investigated using the horizontal planar motion mechanism (HPMM) test and computer simulation. A mathematical model for maneuvering motion with four degrees of freedom (DOF) for twin-propeller and twin-rudder systems was developed and included the effects of roll motion. To obtain the roll-coupling hydrodynamic coefficients of a container ship, a four-DOF HPMM system having a roll motion mechanism and a roll moment measurement system was used. At the full load condition, HPMM tests were carried out for two different 12 000-TEU container ship models, one with twin propellers and the other with a single propeller. Using the hydrodynamic coefficients obtained from the tests, computer simulations were carried out. Simulation results for the container ship with twin propellers and twin rudders were compared with the results for the container ship with a single propeller and single rudder.     

规则波浪中舰船操纵与横摇耦合运动模拟及特性分析

采用六自由度舰船操纵性方程与横摇波浪力矩耦合构成动力学模型,对舰船在规则波浪中的操纵与横摇耦合运动特性进行了模拟研究.其中操纵性方程采用MMG模型,波浪力矩由切片法计算,舰船航向按PD控制.模拟计算了某船正横规则波浪下保持航向的横摇运动,计算结果与单自由度理论结果进行了比较,其幅频曲线与相频曲线两者符合较好,间接证明了耦合构成动力学模型的有效性.在此基础上计算了不同浪向角和航速下的横摇运动,以横摇等值极坐标曲线表征舰船规则波浪中的横摇特性,从而给出了规则波浪下舰船耦合动力学所描述的运动特征.     

Prediction of ship steering capabilities with a fully nonlinear ship motion model. Part 1: Maneuvering in calm water

This paper introduces a new method for the prediction of ship maneuvering capabilities. The new method is added to a nonlinear six-degrees-of-freedom ship motion model named the digital, self-consistent ship experimental laboratory (DiSSEL). Based on the first principles of physics, when the ship is steered, the additional surge and sway forces and the yaw moment from the deflected rudder are computed. The rudder forces and moments are computed using rudder parameters such as the rudder area and the local flow velocity at the rudder, which includes contributions from the ship velocity and the propeller slipstream. The rudder forces and moments are added to the forces and moments on the hull, which are used to predict the motion of the ship in DiSSEL. The resulting motions of the ship influence the inflow into the rudder and thereby influence the force and moment on the rudder at each time step. The roll moment and resulting heel angle on the ship as it maneuvers are also predicted. Calm water turning circle predictions are presented and correlated with model test data for NSWCCD model 5514, a pre-contract DDG-51 hull form. Good correlations are shown for both the turning circle track and the heel angle of the model during the turn. The prediction for a ship maneuvering in incident waves will be presented in Part 2. DiSSEL can be applied for any arbitrary hull geometry. No empirical parameterization is used, except for the influence of the propeller slipstream on the rudder, which is included using a flow acceleration factor.     

船舶操纵水动力导数的数值求解及敏感度分析

[目的]为了兼顾船舶操纵运动预报的成本与精度,基于数值计算方法,结合水动力导数敏感度分析,提出一种船舶操纵运动预报方法.[方法]首先,求解RANS方程,应用流体体积(VOF)法捕捉自由液面,采用动态网格方法对DTMB 5415船型进行约束运动的数值计算,并将回归得到的线性水动力导数与试验值进行对比,验证数值方案的有效性...     

吊舱推进与传统推进船舶操纵性能对比分析

吊舱推进器因具有提高船舶推进效率及操纵灵活等特点而越来越受到人们的重视。为深入研究吊舱推进船舶的操纵性能,文章对某深水铺管起重船进行了吊舱推进操纵和舵操纵两种方式下的操纵性模型对比试验,试验结果表明,吊舱推进操纵船舶的回转运动性能及应舵性能要大大优于舵操纵船舶,而纠向和保持航向能力两者相当;同时,文中对吊舱推进船舶的操纵性能进行了分析,可为实船操作提供一定的参考。     

船舶操纵运动仿真中船舶碰岸检测研究

建立船舶操纵运动数学模型,计算确定相邻的岸线线段和船舶轮廓线线段之间的凹凸关系,提出船舶操纵运动仿真中船舶碰岸检测算法,并对检测到的碰岸情况进行时间步长调整。编制了计算程序,对于船舶轮廓线端点位于岸线内侧和岸线端点位于船舶内部两种船舶碰岸情况进行了碰岸检测仿真试验,试验结果良好,很好地避免了在船舶操纵运动仿真中出现船舶冲上码头或者岸滩的现象。     

Time domain simulations of the wave-induced motions of ships in maneuvering condition

The wave-induced motions of ships in maneuvering condition are numerically studied based on potential theory. The total disturbance potential is decomposed into a basic part and a perturbation part. The basic flow is evaluated based on the double-body model with a trailing vortex sheet. The perturbation flow is solved by using a time domain Rankine panel method to determine the hydrodynamic forces, and the wave-induced ship motions are then evaluated by an Adam–Moulton scheme. The solving process of the wave-induced motion is integrated with the maneuvering prediction by using a two–time scale model. Numerical tests are firstly carried out for a Series 60 ship, and the numerical results are compared with the experimental data to validate the numerical method for the basic flow. Then the wave-induced motions of the S-175 container ship in straight course and in turning condition are simulated; the numerical results are compared with the ITTC data and the experimental data, which show fairly good agreements.