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滑行艇水动力计算的目的是估算艇的水动力阻力。滑行艇以排水状态航行时,其水阻力计算基本上与普通的排水航行船只相同。但当它起飞后滑行于水的自由表面上,仅部分艇底与水面接触,从而支承面和浸湿面积随速度增长而减少。此时,适用于排水航行船只的阻力计算方法对滑行艇已不适用。 相似文献
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最近大型排水量船使用的许多操纵模拟器都未计横遥运动的影响,此外,航速对船上水动力和水动力矩的影响通常都假定遵循简单的“傅汝德换算”关系,即取为速度的平方成正比。这对于此类排水量船是完全可以接受的,但对高高速滑行艇则不能接受。在高速滑行艇情况中,横摇运动很大,并且船体水下的形状随速度有明显变化,所以水动力与水动力矩的简单的速度平方关系已不成立了。本文论述了高速滑行艇4自由度运动方程的建立。文中,该数 相似文献
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为了提高海上滑行时两栖车辆的动力控制能力,进行海上滑行时两栖车辆的水动力特性数值计算分析,结合力学控制方法进行两栖车辆的水动力建模和控制优化。提出基于运动力学和阻尼力反馈调节的海上滑行时两栖车辆水动力解算模型,构建两栖车辆在海上滑行时的运动学模型和动力学模型,根据滑行时的阻尼力和水动力进行平衡性控制,在考虑小扰动和稳态误差干扰下,根据两栖车辆的受力情况进行阻尼反馈调节,提高两栖车辆的滑行控制能力,并实现两栖车辆的水动力特性数值优化解算。仿真结果表明,通过对两栖车辆的水动力特性数值计算,提高两栖车辆的海上滑行稳定控制性能,输出动态平稳性较好。 相似文献
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为准确计算滑行艇在波浪中的水动力性能,基于粘性理论,采用随体网格技术、耦合求解运动方程,完成了滑行艇在迎浪规则波中运动响应的数值预报.对滑行艇运动响应结果采用时域和频域方法分析,给出了入射波的周期与滑行艇固有频率对滑行艇运动响应的影响分析结果,对数值计算值与模型试验值进行比较.结果表明,数值计算方法可以准确且高效预报滑行艇在波浪中高速航行时的运动姿态及水动力特性,为滑行艇设计提供指导和参考依据. 相似文献
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基于水动力分析的高速滑行艇阻力估算 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对滑行艇高速航行的运动特性进行其动态阻力的估算研究。首先通过分析滑行艇在高速航行时艇体受到的各种水动力,建立其六自由度操纵性数学模型,并利用四阶龙格一库塔法解算滑行艇的运动姿态。然后计算滑行艇高速航行时的动态阻力,所得结果与船模试验数据吻合较好,并对各种滑行阶段的运动特性进行分析,结果表明基于水动力分析的阻力估算方法具有较强的工程实用性。 相似文献
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《舰船科学技术》2014,(1)
对于滑行艇的水动力性能研究通常都以船模试验来解决,但是滑行艇由于模型小,航速高,试验条件较为苛刻,这部分研究并不够充分。通过CFD方法能科学的模拟计算其航行情况,克服了试验的局限性,而且,在研究中将空气和水结合起来考虑,更符合实际情况,对进一步深入研究滑行艇水动力性能有重要意义。随着数值模拟技术的发展,用数值方法模拟滑行艇的运动状况来研究其运动性能,将成为具有重要意义的解决方案。本文以斜航试验为基础,建立7个不同漂角下的计算模型,并运用流体力学软件Fluent展开滑行艇在滑行状态下的数值模拟,对数值结果进行计算处理,并通过计算得到水动力系数测定曲线,为滑行艇水动力系数的数值测定提供一种摆脱实验条件限制的参考方法,对滑行艇水动力性能研究有一定的实际意义和参考价值。 相似文献
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应用升力面理论涡格法和面元法,建立了拖式吊舱推进器非定常水动力性能的数值计算方法。螺旋桨桨叶采用升力面理论涡格法计算,吊舱舱体及支架采用HESS-SMITH面元法计算,螺旋桨与吊舱及支架之间的相互影响通过迭代计算来处理。针对拖式吊舱推进器,通过系统的计算和分析,研究了螺旋桨负荷、吊舱和支架诱导速度各分量以及标称与实效诱导速度对其水动力性能的影响。研究表明,就吊舱及支架的实效诱导速度而言,轴向及周向诱导速度主要由支架引起,径向诱导速度主要由吊舱舱体引起。当考察吊舱推进器的定常水动力性能时,可略去吊舱诱导速度的径向及周向分量;考察非定常性能时,可略去径向分量,但应考虑周向分量的影响。以吊舱及支架的标称诱导速度作为进流,将导致非定常推力、扭矩的平均值降低,脉动量幅值减小,因此,虽然标称诱导速度容易得到,但据此进行吊舱推进器的性能预报或设计都会引起一定的误差。非定常水动力的脉动幅值取决于船尾伴流与吊舱诱导速度的相对比例,略去吊舱诱导速度会导致桨叶非定常力的变化特征发生较大变化。 相似文献
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文章运用半隐式特征线分裂算子有限元算法对串列布置的静止上游柱体和下游圆柱的尾激振动问题进行了数值模拟研究。数值结果表明:上游柱体结构的形状、尺寸比(d/D)和折减速度(Ur)三个参数对下游圆柱体结构的动力响应、运动轨迹与涡脱落模态有着显著的影响,且与单圆柱工况相比存在明显区别;随着尺寸比的增大,上/下游柱体结构之间的互扰作用会由流致效应逐渐转变为尾流效应,使得频率特性发生变化,并会导致下游圆柱体结构的振动响应增强;当d/D=0.5和1.0时,下游圆柱体结构的运动轨迹主要为“8”字形;当d/D=1.5时,除了“8”字形外,运动轨迹还会呈现双弯刀形、“双8”字形和不规则形状。通过对流体力系数与位移时程曲线及位移PSD曲线特性进行分析,揭示了其相互作用的内在机理。另外,下游圆柱体结构的尾流场特性也会随参数的变化而变化,其涡脱落模态主要为2S、P+S和2P三种。 相似文献
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It is hypothesized that steady anguilliform swimming motion of aquatic animals is purely reactive such that no net vortex wake is left downstream. This is versus carangiform and tunniform swimming of fish, where vortex streams are shed from tail, fins, and body. But there the animal movements are such to produce partial vortex cancellation downstream in maximizing propulsive efficiency. In anguilliform swimming characteristic of the eel family, it is argued that the swimming motions are configured by the animal such that vortex shedding does not occur at all. However, the propulsive thrust in this case is higher order in the motion amplitude, so that relatively large coils are needed to produce relatively small thrust; the speeds of anguilliform swimmers are less than the carangiform and tunniform, which develop first order thrusts via lifting processes. Results of experimentation on live lamprey are compared to theoretical prediction which assumes the no-wake hypothesis. Two-dimensional analysis is first performed to set the concept. This is followed by three-dimensional analysis using slender-body theory. Slender-body theory has been applied by others in studying anguilliform swimming, as it is ideally suited to the geometry of the lamprey and other eel-like animals. The agreement between this new approach based on the hypothesis of wakeless swimming and the experiments is remarkably good in spite of the physical complexities. 相似文献
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导管调距桨的定常性能预估 总被引:7,自引:6,他引:1
本文建立了一个预估导管可调螺距螺旋桨水动力性能的数值计算方法,即螺旋浆用升力面理论、导管采用面元法,通过迭代计算考虑浆和导管的相互影响。引入了一个修正的螺旋浆尾涡模型,来模拟尾涡片的扭曲变形及分离现象,对导管桨性能预估的各种影响因素分析了系统研究,并考虑了桨毂对性能的影响。对JD简易导管桨和导管调距桨(JD7704导管+JDC三叶可调螺距螺旋浆)分别进行了计算,并与实验结果进行了比较。结果表明,本文所建立的方法可较好地预估导管桨的水性能,精度比以往有较大的提高。 相似文献
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Thomas Spenkuch Stephen R. Turnock Matteo Scarponi R. Ajit Shenoi 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2011,16(2):115-128
An approach for enhancing the realism of yacht fleet race simulations based on a lifting line method is developed. The wake
of an upwind sailing yacht is represented as a single heeled horseshoe vortex and image system. At each time step, changes
in vortex strength are convected into the wake as a pair of vortex line elements. These subsequently move in accordance with
the local wind, the self-induced velocity and the velocity induced by the presence of the wakes of other yachts. In addition,
the lifting line model has a model for the viscous wake due to the drag associated with the yacht and its sails superimposed
on it. A synthesis of sail yacht wake representations based on detailed 3D Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes computational fluid
dynamics calculations with wind tunnel test results is used to capture the initial strength of the combined main-jib vortex
system and its vertical height. The implementation of the lifting line algorithm within Robo-Race, a real-time yacht race strategy analysis tool, is described. Two upwind race interaction case studies are presented, and
these show that the newly implemented wake model makes an important contribution to enhancing the realism of the sailing simulation. 相似文献
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Bu-Geun Paik Jin Kim Young-Ha Park Ki-Sup Kim 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2007,12(2):72-82
The vortex structure of the wake behind a marine propeller was investigated in terms of loading variation by using particle
image velocimetry. One hundred and fifty instantaneous velocity fields were ensemble averaged to study the spatial evolution
of the wake and the behavior of the tip vortices in the region ranging from the trailing edge to one propeller diameter downstream.
The trailing vorticity was found to be related to the radial velocity jump, and the viscous wake was affected by the boundary
layers developed on the blade surfaces. A vortex identification method using the swirling strength was employed to extract
the location of the tip vortex. The loading on the blade made a clear difference to the contraction angles. Slipstream contraction
occurred in the very near wake region, and unstable oscillation occurred because of reduced interaction between the tip vortex
and the wake sheet behind the maximum contraction point for each loading condition. The maximum tangential velocity around
the tip vortex center revealed the average radius of its core, which was used for calculating the vortex strength. Additionally,
variation of the average radius of tip vortices with the change of blade loading was related to vortex tube stretching in
the wake region. The nearly constant vortex strength continued up to one diameter downstream for light loading and design
loading conditions. 相似文献
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采用分离涡模拟(DES)方法对多工况下螺旋桨的尾流场特性及尾涡结构进行数值研究,应用滑移网格技术完成螺旋桨敞水试验模拟,采用Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型封闭N-S方程组。数值计算结果显示:采用DES方法得到的水动力特性结果与模型试验结果吻合度高,DES方法能够较好地捕捉到螺旋桨尾流场中复杂的尾涡结构,螺旋桨不同桨叶产生的梢涡之间的自诱导和相互诱导作用引起尾涡结构形态变化,4叶桨梢涡结构之间会产生2次融合重组,毂涡振荡与梢涡演化之间存在相互干扰作用,不同进速系数下尾涡演化规律基本一致。 相似文献