尿NMP22筛检复发性膀胱癌临床意义的研究

目的　探讨尿NMP2 2预测膀胱癌术后患者肿瘤复发的临床意义。方法　膀胱癌术后患者 5 0例 ,留晨尿检测NMP2 2水平 81人次。所有病例均行膀胱镜检查 ,并对可疑病变处取膀胱组织送病检。尿NMP2 2浓度采用双抗体酶标免疫分析法测定。结果　膀胱癌复发 19例 ,未复发 31例 ,两者尿NMP2 2中位数的 95 %可信区间分别为 13.9～ 5 0 .3U·mL- 1 和 4 .6～ 7.6U·mL- 1 ,无重叠。初次膀胱镜检和 或病理检查无肿瘤复发 36例 ,尿NMP2 2测值异常 (NMP2 2≥ 14 .0U·mL- 1 )和正常 (NMP2 2 <14 .0U·mL- 1 )者分别为 11例和 2 5例。经随诊前者膀胱癌复发 5例 (45 .5 % ) ,后者为 0 (0 2 5 ) ,两者复发百分比有显著性差异 ,相对危险性 (RR)为 12 5 0。结论　尿NMP2 2可作为膀胱癌术后预测肿瘤复发的指标 ,与膀胱镜相比 ,其具有可早期预测、简单、方便等优点。     

CLINICAL USE OF COMBINED DETECTION WITH TUMOR MARKERS FOR PANCREATIC CANCER

Pancreatic cancer is one of the common malig-nant tumors. Its morbidity shows a tendency to in-crease. The prognosis for pancreatic cancer is poorbecause the early--diagnosis for it is difficult.Therefore,every effort should be made to developbetter methods for the early--diagnosis. The serumlevels of CA242,CA19--9 and CA50 of patients withpancreatic cancer were measured by IRMA andwere compared with those of patients with benignpancreatic or biliary tract diseases and with non-.pancreatic…     

肝硬化组织微卫星改变的临床研究

目的　研究微卫星改变 (microsatellitealteration ,MA)在肝硬化组织的发生情况及其与病毒性肝炎的关系。方法　运用聚合酶链式反应 -简单重复序列多态性方法 (PCR SSLP)对 30例肝硬化组织石蜡标本的微卫星不稳定性 (microsatelliteinstability ,MSI)和等位基因杂合性丢失 (lossofheterozygosity ,LOH)进行研究。 结果　 30例肝硬化组织中有 17例出现了MA(5 6 .7% ) ,其中至少有一个位点发生的MSI有 4例 (13.3% ) ,而有 15例至少有一个位点出现了LOH(5 0 % ) ,MA的发生与HBV感染及是否合并HCV感染无显著相关。结论　肝硬化作为肝癌的早期表现就已经存在有微卫星改变     

致癌物染毒大鼠体内DNA加合物的检测

本文报道了我们用联苯胺以及联苯胺衍生偶氮染料刚果红,依文思蓝经口染毒大鼠后用~(32)P后标记方法对其肝脏中的DNA加合物的检测结果,3种物质均检出1种DNA加合物,其含量分别为18.17,1.03,1.74μmol/kgDNA。结果表明联苯胺衍生偶氮染料经偶氮还原产生的联苯胺或联苯胺衍生物,能同联苯胺样在大鼠肝内形成加合物,这种DNA加合物很可能是接触联苯胺衍生偶氮染料的人群膀胱癌发病高的原因。     

经腹化疗栓塞治疗肝癌的疗效分析

我院自1988年～1993年经腹手术行肝癌化疗栓塞122例,手术死亡4例,余全部随访。1年生存率31％,2年生存率6.5％。肿瘤直径在10cm以下者1年生存率75％,膨胀型生长的病人1年生存率63.15％。合并重度肝硬化的病人1年生存率26.3％。肝动脉门静脉双栓塞的病人1年生存率53.3％。结果表明对于中晚期肝癌的病人尽管病变广泛,肝硬化严重,但治疗应取积极态度,经血管途径的化疗栓塞手术有明显的姑息治疗效果。     

肝动脉支永久性铸型栓塞治疗原发性肝癌

1985年3月起用氰基丙烯酸酯,经腹行肝动脉支铸型栓塞治疗原发性肝癌28例(Ⅰ甲期10例、Ⅱ乙期12例、Ⅲ期6例)。AFP降至正常6例,8例肿瘤难以显示。1例生存已逾32个月、健在。1年存活率52.9%(9/17),2年存活率20%(2/10)。为进一步延长生存期或达治愈目的:1.栓塞后早期肝切除,2.门静脉支内瘤栓的诊断和消灭,需采用综合治疗措施。肝癌合并肝硬化门脉高压症,可联合脾动脉结扎、胃冠状静脉栓塞术,治疗3例平均生存期已愈16个月。     

DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF SERUM PROGRP31-98 IN PATIENTS WITH SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER

Small celllungcancer (SCLC )isasubtyperepresentingapproximately 15 %to 2 0 %ofallpri marylungcarcinomaoccurringinChina .Ingener al,SCLCishighlysensitivetochemotherapyandhasafrequenttendencytometastasizeatanearlystage .Thus ,itisveryimportanttomakeanearlydiagnosisforthetreatmentofSCLC patients .NSEhaslongtermbeenusedasSCLCearlydiagnosismarkerinclinic[1] .However ,therelativelyhighfalse positiveratehasforcedthedoctorstolookforthemorespecificandsensitivemarker[2 ] .SincePro gastrin relea…     

食管癌和宫颈癌组织中p53蛋白过度表达及其与放疗敏感性的关系

用免疫组化法对 52例宫颈癌和食管癌标本中 p53基因蛋白过度表达进行研究 ,并探讨其与近期放疗效果的关系。结果显示 ,p53蛋白在宫颈癌和食管癌中过度表达分别为 35.4 8%和 52 .38% ,p53蛋白过度表达率在高分化鳞癌中较中低分化者低 (P <0 .0 5) ,且与病期无关 (P >0 .0 5)。在宫颈鳞癌 ,p53蛋白过度表达者近期放疗效果较差 (P <0 .0 5) ,食管鳞癌 p53过度表达与放疗效果无明显关系。提示 p53基因与放射敏感性有关 ,但不是唯一因素。     

25例IgA肾病临床病理分析

IgA肾病25例,占同期原发性肾小球肾炎的41.7%。肾组织病变损害程度分Ⅰ-Ⅴ级,呈Ⅳ级以上重度损害者占28%。临床表现为反复发作性肉眼血尿者占32%,重度蛋白尿(>3.5g/d)者占40%,呈肾病综合症表现者占36%。本文病例肾活检距发病时间较短,平均为16.5个月,没有1例发生肾功衰竭,其原因可能与检查诊断较早,治疗及时等因素有关。     

CUMULATIVE RESULTS OF CHEMOSENSITIVITY TEST USING MTT ASSAY IN DOUBLE-LAYER AGAROSE

Objective To investigate cumulative results of chemosensitivity test using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl (MTT) assay in double-layer agarose. Methods A total of 2 491 patients with different kinds of cancers were enrolled in the study, in which 18 kinds of different anticancer drugs were used. A computer soft was used to get charts. ResultsThe total evaluability rate was 82.7% (2 060/2 491). Among all agents, the efficiency rates of 5-Fu, MMC, DDP, BLM and CBP were higher than the efficiency rates of others. The response rate range of different cancer in vitro sensitivity by using MTT assay in double layer agarose were from 9.2% (biliary duct) to 37.5% (malignant lymphoma). For colon and rectum cancer, 5-Fu, DDP, MMC and BLM were more sensitive than other anti-tumor agents. For breast carcinomas, ACTD and DDP were more sensitive. For gastric cancer, 5-Fu, DDP and BLM were more sensitive. For leukemia, VM-26 and HHRT were more sensitive. ACM was more sensitive to kidney and MXT and BLM were more sensitive to pancreas cancer. For Lung cancer, DDP and EPI were more sensitive. Mean true positive rate, mean true negative rate, mean sensitivity, mean specificity and mean accuracy were 44% , 92% , 72% , 77% , and 76% , respectively. Conclusion Chemosensitivity tesing using the MTT assay in a double layer agarose was a very useful reference to chem- therapy.     

胃肠癌的MHC抗原表达及其与局部免疫应答的关系

利用一组单克隆抗体对62例胃肠癌组织进行免疫组化研究。结果发现:HLA-ABC抗原缺失率在胃癌,结、直肠癌和局部淋巴结转移灶分别为26.92%、13.89%和33.33%;HLA-DR抗原表达率分别为34.62%、22.22%、和40.0%,而HLA-DQ抗原仅表达于2例HLA-DR胃癌的少数癌细胞。且HLA-ABC抗原缺失率在早期癌(60.0%)明显高于中晚期癌(15.79%);胃肠癌的HLA抗原表达与局部单个核细胞各亚群浸润的程度间也有一定的相关。这些发现提示HLA抗原可能在肿瘤发生发展过程中具有重要的免疫调节功能。     

人胃肠癌组织中浸润淋巴细胞活性的原位分析

利用一组抗淋巴细胞亚群的单克隆抗体和免疫组化方法对63例进展期胃癌和肠癌组织中浸润单个核细胞,尤其是散在浸润淋巴细胞(主要是T淋巴细胞)的I_2(HLA—DR)抗原和OKT_9抗原的表达进行了分析。同时,无选择的选取了18例慢性胃炎和慢性肠炎活检标本做为对照。在癌肿标本中,散在浸润淋巴细胞的I_2抗原表达显著变异。少数标本中很难查见I_2~+T细胞,大部分病例只能查见少数细胞呈I_2~+。63例中仅有10例其I_2~+细胞占全部散在浸润淋巴细胞的10—30%,所有瘤组织中几乎无OKT_9~+浸润T细胞。这种表现完全不同于正常粘膜及炎症粘膜中的I_2~+浸润单个核细胞分布。这说明就大多数病例来说,肿瘤组织中浸润的T细胞多数是非活化的。     

THE CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF CRUDE BILE ON HUMAN PANCREATIC CANCER CELL LINES

Thebileacidswereconfirmedasnonspecificcytotoxicsubstanceswhichplayveryimportantro1einpathophysiologyofextrahepaticcholesta-sis[la.Invitrostudieshadprovedthatthebileacidscouldcausechronicandacuteinjuryofpancreaticductalepitheliumactingasaninitiatorofpancre-atitist2i.Thepancreaticcancerisamajorworld-widepublichealthproblernandremainsasignifi-cantclinica1challenge.Atthetimeofdiagnosis,about7o%ofpancreaticcancerpatientsmanifestobstructivejaundicewhichcanresultinprogressiveliverdysfunctionandculmin…     

自发性气胸92例病例分析

<正> 气胸是呼吸系疾病常见急诊情况之一。我院1957年7月～1980年12月,23年中共收治139例,其中92例为自发性气胸,因外伤引起的气胸34例。因针灸引起的气胸13例,现将92例自发性气胸分析于后。一般资料     

蟾酥脂质体对小鼠膀胱原位移植性膀胱癌的抗癌作用研究

观察了蟾酥脂质体对小鼠膀胱原位移植性膀胱移行细胞癌的生长、癌细胞核原位ＤＮＡ含量、指数和组织学改变的影响，实验结果显示：经不同途经注射蟾酥脂质体８次后，小鼠膀胱原位移植癌的瘤重抑制率最高为６１．７％；癌细胞核原位ＤＮＡ含量及指数显著下降；移植癌内及周围有广泛出血坏死和带状淋巴、浆细胞浸润。认为该药的抗癌机理与减少癌细胞核ＤＮＡ合成及增强局部免疫功能有关。     

STUDY ON DETERMINATION AND APPLICATION OF THE SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES TO CYTOMEGALOVIRUS IN BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION

Cytomegalovirus(CMV)interstitialpneumonitis(lP)isoneofthemostseriouscomplicationsafterbonemarrowtransplantation(BMT).TheincidenceofCMV--lPisusually50%andthemortalityisalmost85%--100%".'>.AstherearenoeffectiveandspecifictherapeuticmeasuresforCMV-lP,ithasbecomethefirstimportantreasonforfailureofBMT.WaysofCMVinfectionaremainlybytrnasfusion,'organtransplantation,closecontactandverticaltransmission.PatientswithBMTareusuallysusceptibletoCMV.Thesepatientshavetoreceivetotalbodyirradiation(…     

膀胱移行细胞癌多药耐药蛋白P-gp170的表达及意义

目的　研究膀胱移行细胞癌的多药耐药性。方法　应用免疫组织化学方法检测 80例膀胱移行细胞癌和 2 0例正常膀胱粘膜组织中P gp1 70的表达。结果　 80例膀胱移行细胞癌组织P gp1 70的表达阳性率为 42 % ,明显高于正常膀胱粘膜组织 ;化疗后复发肿瘤P gp1 70阳性表达率明显高于初发肿瘤。结论　P gp1 70介导的多药耐药是膀胱癌腔内灌注化疗失败的重要原因。     

胃肠癌的MG_7抗原表达及其免疫生物学

应用免疫组化技术对62例胃肠癌的MG_7,抗原表达和局部免疫应答状态进行了分析。结果发现:MG_7抗原的检出率在胃癌为80.77%(21/26例),结直肠癌为94.44%(34/36例),淋巴结转移癌为93.33%(14/15例)。除2例癌旁非典型增生粘膜上皮呈弱阳性外,其余正常。良性病变粘膜上皮均为阴性。而且MG_7抗原表达强度与肿瘤恶性程度呈正相关,与局部浸润单个核细胞亚群(MNC_s)的密度有一定相关。提示瘤细胞的MG_7抗原可能参与了肿瘤的局部免疫应答。     

THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF MELATONIN ON THE GROWTH OF HUMAN BLADDER CARCINOMA T24 CELL LINE

Melatonin(Mel) ,anindoleamineprimarilyderivedfromthepinealgland ,issecretedduringthehoursofdarkness.Melactsasahormonalconduc tionof photoperiodinfluencedbytheseasonanddailyphysiologicalrhythms.Thefunctionofmelinhumansisobscure .However ,melhasattainedprominenceasatreatmentfordisturbedcircadianrhythmsandsleeppatterns ,hasenhancedthefunc tionofimmunitysystem[1] andhasinhibitedtumorgrowth[2 ] .Thepreviousstudieshaveindicatedthatmelcombinedwithotheranticancerdrugscanin creasetheefficiencyanddecre…     

子宫内膜癌及癌前病变碱性磷酸酶的超微结构定位观察

本文用组织化学方法观察了10例子宫内膜组织中碱性磷酸酶(简称AKP)的超微结构定位。结果:正常子宫内膜及腺瘤型增生病例中AKP定位于细胞膜上。子宫内膜癌中,AKP的超微结构定位无明显变化。分化型内膜癌中AKP主要位于靠近腺样结构腔面的癌细胞顶端膜及微绒毛上。未分化癌中,AKP均匀分布于癌细胞周缘膜上。